CADA Members Only Tips

CADA Members Only Tips

Know Your Graphs!!!! Expand

You must know every single aerodynamics graph from your textbook off by heart and every point, label, axis and intersection.

If you want to be exam ready you should be able to draw all of these graphs 100% correct and explain them off by heart including all the theory for each.

My advice is to draw and label them as soon as you are allowed to write during your exam.

You wont have time to waste in this exam, so be sure you can draw and label them efficiently.

You need to know all your lift, drag, power, range and endurance information.

If I had to answer in one word whats the best tip for aerodynamics, its GRAPHS.

CASA Feedback Aeroplane Expand

Most topics have been well handled. However a higher than expected percentage of candidates appears to be inadequately prepared in the following areas:

• Spoilers and vortex generators
• Knowledge of range and endurance flying
• Wing design – anhedral, dihedral, aspect ratio, wash-out
• Factors affecting aircraft stability
• Flow dynamics – pressure changes with changes in angles of attack
• Take-off and landing – “ground effect” and it effects aeroplane performance

Important CADA Info Expand

You cannot take the AIP into the CADA exam so you need to memorise the wake turbulence times. These should really be in Law, but they can pop up in CADA.

You should also be aware you are only allowed a basic calculator, so you need to memorise the bank angles and how they increase stall speeds.

 

CASA Feedback Helicopter Expand

Most syllabus topics have been well handled as evident in the pass rate. However a higher than expected percentage of candidates appear to be inadequately prepared in the following areas:

• Ground effect – aerodynamic principles and the environmental factors that influence it
• Tail rotor effectiveness and associated factors
• Tail Rotor – Knowledge of airflows and forces and behaviour of a tail rotor
• Dynamic rollover
• Mast bumping

Feedback Late Sept 2018 Expand

The new final preps are amazing.

You also need to cover trim tabs and balance tabs.

Feedback Late Sept 2018 Expand

The new final preps are spot on.

Additionally two questions on superchargers to do with max range and endurance at high flight levels. (no effect on max endurance, but better range, because higher flight level = thinner air)

Also 4 questions on tail wheels and the aerodynamic differences to be expected.

Feedback – Nov 2017 Expand Know all the aerodynamic lift and drag graphs power required and available and be able to draw them it will help you answer questions.
The 3 dimensions of stability what affects stability and both statically and dynamically.
Spins and spiral dives causes, recognition and recovery and the rationale why we recover the way we do
Know what happens to the curves with  flaps, spoilers, ↑ or ↓ weight – these are absolutely in there so know them
Know regions of reverse command
Use the Bob Tait text and these questions plus know all your graphs, diagrams spins, spirals and stability and you will be fine. Don’t under estimate it though, it is a hard exam.
Know controls such as differential ailerons and the different type of tabs Feedback – Dec 2017 Expand

These exams cover almost all the bases. The actual exam questions are a little harder in my opinion, although a few class mates thought they where spot on, so I guess it depends which questions you get.

Scrub up on supercharged and turbocharged engines and how they work. None of the textbooks cover this and our integrated lessons didn’t mention it. Almost everyone seems to get questions about max endurance in relation to superchargers and turbo chargers.

Note from Matt: max endurance requires low power settings and we want dense air. Dense air is at low altitudes. Superchargers/turbo’s basically allow aircraft to have rated boost during climb.

At altitude IAS will have higher TAS, but lift is the result of IAS, not TAS. Thus at 9500 feet we need a higher TAS to stay above the stall and a higher power setting. Our max endurance would be significantly affected.

However for max endurance we want to descend to where the air is dense, use less power and stay out of the turbo boost type range. The turbo and supercharger will have far less effect on max endurance at these lower altitudes and power settings.

If the question requires you to operate at high altitudes and higher power setting then the turbo / superchargers will allow you to do that , but will be detrimental to max endurance.

Feedback – Dec 2017 Expand

These questions are fantastic. However CASA will always keep fiddling and throwing in surprises. Here are a few that caught me out.

Know the effect of changes in flight conditions on total drag resulting from changes in IAS, aircraft weight and height, the meaning of the term used in Lift/Drag Formula (CL and CD) , they depend upon the shape and the angle of attack of an aerofoil. Know region of reverse command and what the S stands for in the Drag formula, and how C of G affects stall.

Make a note of hard questions Expand

The exam is not long but it is the hardest I have done. Use your scribble pad and skip or write down any hard questions that need reviewing. I had a few where I remembered the answers while doing other questions and there is info in other questions that helped with previous questions. So make sure you write the hard questions down as you go.

CADA Members Only Tips

You Will Not Be Given References In Questions Expand

In law exams or law parts of exams it is extremely unlikely that you will be given any law references.

We sometimes include them in the questions to help candidates towards the beginning of their study find things.

A huge part of law is you knowing how to find things quickly. Read and check the legislation and DO NOT rely on memory for answers.

 

PPE’s Ultimate Law Guides Expand

This google sheet PPE’s Ultimate Law Guide, will become the ultimate study buddy, for locating the laws and ticking off that you know them.

For ATPL Law Only – Anthony’s Guide

PPE Law Extracts & Permitted Materials Expand

Read this carefully before every exam and check for the latest permitted matrials on this first link:

You are welcome to self print and bind these, but, YOU ASSUME FULL RESPONSIBILITY for making sure they comply, before trying to enter an exam room with them.

CPL Law expect 3-4 FDP questions.

Categories Of Flight Operations Expand

To Categorise flight operations you have to dig through the CASR dictionary / definitions and the following pages. To my knowledge there is no one location that clearly sums them all up in the detail you are after for each.

 

Part 91 applies to all aviation operations except drones.

There are additional rules for pilots operating under an Air Operator’s Certificate (AOC) or other certificate, or those conducting defined activities such as aerial work, aerial application and some recreational aviation activities. These rules are in other CASR Parts and may add to or turn off some Part 91 requirements – either completely or partially.

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https://www.casa.gov.au/search-centre/rules/part-121-casr-australian-air-transport-operations-larger-aeroplanes

Part 121 generally applies to air transport operations in aeroplanes with a seating capacity of more than 9 seats, or a maximum take-off weight (MTOW) of more than 8,618 kg.

 

Subpart 121.Z applies to air transport operations in single-engine aeroplanes with a seating capacity of more than 9 seats and a MTOW of 8,618 kg or less.

 

All operators and pilots also need to comply with Part 91 – General operating and flight rules, noting that Part 121 may add to or turn off some Part 91 requirements – either completely or partially.

—————————————-

Part 135 of CASR applies to air transport operations in aeroplanes with a maximum seating capacity of nine and a maximum take-off weight (MTOW) of 8,618 kg or less.

 

Subpart 121.Z applies if you are operating single-engine aeroplanes with a seating capacity of more than 9 seats. However, you must comply with the majority of Part 135.

 

Some operators may be able to operate an aeroplane with up to 13 seats if they are already conducting these operations and meet the requirements.

 

All operators and pilots also need to comply with Part 91 of CASR General operating and flight rules, noting that Part 135 may add to or turn off some Part 91 requirements – either completely or partially.

—————————————-

 

Part 133 applies to air transport operations in helicopters, gyroplanes or powered lift aircraft.

All operators and pilots also need to comply with Part 91 of CASR General operating and flight rules, noting that Part 133 may add to or turn off some Part 91 requirements – either completely or partially.

—————————————-

All operators and pilots also need to comply with Part 91 of CASR General operating and flight rules, noting that Part 138 may add to or turn off some Part 91 requirements – either completely or partially.

Aeroplane operators may choose whether to conduct dispensing operations under Part 138 or Part 137 of CASR Aerial application operations. Requirements for the dropping or releasing of any substance overlap for Part 138 and Part 137. Note: Part 137 only applies to aeroplanes.

PPE Law Reference PDF Expand CAO 20.16.3.5 Adjustment Of Seats
VFRG AIP ENR 1.2 ADIZ
Vol 3 CAR 257 Aerodrome Meteorological Minima
Vol 3 CAR 256A Animals
CAO 20.11.14 Briefing Of Passengers
CAO 20.16.2.6 Cargo In A Pilot Compartment
CAO 20.16.2.5 Cargo On A Passenger Seat
CASR 61.31 Carriage Of Documents
CAO 20.16.3.13 Carriage Of Infants & Children
CAO 20.16.3.15 Carriage Of Parachutists
CASR 61.57 CPL privileges
Vol 4 CAR SCHED5 Daily Inspection
Vol 3 CAR Vol Day To Day Stuff &
Vol 3 CAR 139 Documents To Be Carried
CAO 29.5.2 Dropping Of Articles
Vol 3 CAR 150 Dropping Of Articles
CAO 20.2.4 Dual Controls
Vol 3 CAR 253 Emergency Equipment
Vol 3 CAR 252A Emergency Locator Transmitters
CAO 20.11.6 Emergency Signalling Equipment
Vol 3 CAR 143 Firearms
CAO 48 Flight Duty Periods
Vol 3 CAR 258 Flight Over Water
Vol 3 CAR 172 Flight Visibility & Distance From Cloud
CAO 20.2.6 Fuel Quantity Measurement
CAO 20.2.5 Fuel System Inspection
CAO 20.9.4 Fuelling Of Aircraft
CAO 20.9.4.2 Fuelling With Passengers
Vol 3 CAR 189 Ground Signals
CAO 20.1 Hot Refuelling (Cao 95.7 Para 7)
CAO 20.18 VI Instruments Required For Vfr
Vol 3 CAR 256 Intoxicated Persons
CASR 61.1075 Kinds Of Low Level
Vol 2 CAR Vol 2 Licensing
CAO 20.11.5.2 Life Rafts
Vol 3 CAR 187 Light Signals
CASR 61.375 Limitations
CASR 61.345 Logbooks
CAO 20.16.3.9 Loose Articles
Vol 3 CAR 157 Low Flying
CASR 61.104 Low Level Ratings
Vol 1 CAR Vol 1 Maintenance
Vol 4 CAR SCHED8 Maintenance A Pilot Can Do
Vol 3 CAR 166A Manoeuvring Area/Vicinity Of Non Controlled Aerodrome
CASR 61.42 Medical – Carriage Of Documents
CASR 61.415 Medical – Commercial
CASR 61.41 Medical – Private
CASR 61.405 Medical – Recreational
CASR 61.955 Night VFR
Vol 3 CAR 215 Operations Manual
CAO 20.11.5 Over Water Flight
CAO 20.4.6 Oxygen
CAO 20.16.3.12 Passenger Capacity
CAO 20.16.3.11 Passenger In A Control Seat
CAO 20.16.1.7 Passenger Lists
Vol 3 CAR 151 Picking Up Person/Articles
Vol 3 CAR 309 Pilots Powers
Vol 3 CAR 140 PRD areas
Vol 3 CAR 245 Pre Take-Off Checks
Vol 3 CAR 156 Public Gatherings
Vol 3 CAR 159 Radio Failure Procedure
CASR 61.435 Radio Operation
CASR 61.395 Recent Experience For Passenger Flight
CAO APNDX III Remote Areas
CAO 20.2 Removal Of Locking & Safety Devices
Vol 3 CAR 233 Responsibility Of Pilot Before Flight
CAO 20.16.2.3 Restraint Of Cargo
CASR 61.355 Retention Of Logbook
Vol 3 CAR 161 Right Of Way
CAO 20.9.4.3 Safety Precautions During Refuelling
Vol 4 CAR VOL Schedules
Vol 3 CAR 251 Seat Belts
CAO 20.16.3.4 Seat Belts & Harnesses
CAO 20.16.3.3 Seats
CAO 20.2.3 Security Of Doors & Hatches
CAO 20.16.3.14 Sick Or Injured Passengers
CAO 20.16.3.8 Smoking
Vol 3 CAR 255 Smoking
CAO 20.9.5 Starting Engines & Ground Operation
Vol 3 CAR 166B Straight In Approach
CASR 61.113 Student Pilots
CAO 20.11.7 Survival Equipment
CAO 48.0.1 Tour Of Duty Limitations (Old)
Vol 3 CAR 174A VFR equipment
Vol 3 CAR 171 VFR flight
Vol 3 CAR 166E Vicinity Of Certified/Military Aerodrome
Vol 3 CAR 185 Visual Signals Am I Exam Ready PDF Expand

 

AIP & ERSA Highlighting & Tagging Guide Expand

Warning: overhighlighting may make your AIP unusable. However, we do suggest highlighting the sections you use to study.***

RPL & PPL Light & Time Guide Expand PPL Flight & Ground Theory Test Expand

Be sure to check in the Main Menu > Other > Flight Test > PPL

PPE Navigation Cheat Sheet PDF Expand

This is a one page PDF to get you all the basics in one place.

Calculation of ETP and Asymmetric ETP are for CPL upwards only.

Note only very basic ETP would be in CNAV. Any hard ETP or PNR will be in CFPA exams only. At one stage CASA slipped a few into CNAV, but we believe that error has been rectified.

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